Temporary and permanent indirect restorations, such as dental crowns, bridges, and certain removable partial dentures, are attached to abutment teeth using a specialised substance called dental cement. Consequently, the process is colloquially referred to as cementing or cementation.
Before the cementation stage, the practitioner examines crucial details such as shade, shape, and insertion, making necessary adjustments to ensure the restoration fits correctly. This thorough pre-cementation assessment is vital for achieving great results in the final placement.
The two primary types of cementation are distinguished by the kind of dental cement employed: permanent and temporary cement, also known as definitive cementation. Each type serves distinct purposes in the restoration process, with temporary cement providing flexibility for adjustments and easy removal, while permanent cement ensures a durable, long-term bond for lasting restorations. The choice between the two depends on factors such as the nature of the restoration and the specific requirements of the patient.
Temporary Dental Cement Components
Originally, dental cement, primarily Silicate Cement, was widely used by dentists. Comprising less than half of its composition, fluoride was utilized in the production of silicate cement. Despite its benefits, Silicate Cement had its drawbacks. Praised for its tooth-coloured appearance, it seamlessly blended with natural teeth. The fluorine content released fluoride ions, protecting against acid attacks and preventing cavities. These ions functioned similarly to toothpaste components, reducing enamel solubility and enhancing resistance to recurrent caries.
Silicate Cement powder has now been replaced with safer alternatives like Zinc Phosphate, Zinc Oxide, eugenol mixture, Zinc Oxide with polyacrylic powder, and Glass ioniser cement (GICs). These contemporary ingredients for
dental temporary cement are biologically safer, minimizing allergy risks. While some resin-based cement may cause allergies, ongoing research focuses on finding optimal ingredients for temporary dental cement. Despite the common use of resin-based composites, choosing the composition of temporary dental cement requires careful consideration based on specific requirements and the patient's biological profile.
Roles Of Temporary Dental Cement
1. Bonding Provisional Restoration: The primary function of temporary dental cement is to establish a bond between the natural tooth and the crafted provision, including inlays, crowns, implants, and bridges. This ensures a secure attachment of dental restorations to the original teeth.
2. Cementing the Gap: Temporary dental cement adeptly fills the space between the original tooth structure and the interim provision created by the dentist. It bridges the gaps, solidifying between the two components. This cement hardens, forming a seal that can be easily removed and adjusted using dental tools when the permanent provision is prepared.
3. Analyzing Provision Characteristics: Temporary dental cement plays a pivotal role in closing gaps and securing the temporary restoration of the original structure. This process aids the dentist in gaining insights into how the permanent restoration, affixed with permanent cement, will behave in the patient's oral cavity.
Advantages of Temporary Dental Cements
1. Effortless Gap Cementation: Temporary dental cement provides a straightforward method to bridge the gap between the original tooth and the temporary crown crafted for it.
2. Extended Holding Capacity: Adequate for securing restorations for up to 2 to 3 weeks, temporary dental cement withstands daily activities like eating and drinking.
3. Easy Removal: Designed for convenient removal, temporary dental cement is ideal for short-term use by dentists.
4.Versatile Compositions: Available in various compositions, each with distinct pros and cons, dentists can choose the perfect one tailored to individual needs.
5. Soft and Safe: Gentle on pulpal tissue, temporary dental cement poses no harm to soft tissues.
6. Simple Cleaning: Easily cleaned while in use and before the placement of the permanent provision.
Conclusion
Temporary dental cement plays a crucial role in dentistry, serving various purposes. Ongoing research and development by scientists and dentists focus on exploring the composition and diverse applications of temporary dental cement. Whether used temporarily or permanently, dental cement proves to be a valuable and beneficial tool in dental restorations and addressing tooth abnormalities. Its widespread application globally underscores its significance as a safe and effective means in the field of dentistry.
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